Balancing tradition with faith and scholarship: a Mormon application of Peter Enns

In my own struggles to balance faith and tradition with scholarship, I find it useful to see how others have done so, particularly when I see close structural parallels between the two traditions. Peter Enns speaks from a Protestant perspective but Protestants aren’t the sole source of useful insight. I’ve enjoyed Jewish perspectives more, explored in fictional narratives like The Chosen and The Promise. The tensions between traditional views and scholarship  that Enns highlights among Protestants (and Evangelicals in particular) are also found in Mormonism, and I highly recommend his book. The topics that bring these tensions to the surface appear mostly in the Old Testament: the age of the earth, creation, the genre or nature of the creation stories, historicity of Job and Jonah, etc. Further down the rabbit hole, one must deal with source criticism (or, Did Moses Write Genesis-Deuteronomy?), multiple authors of Isaiah, and other issues.

In the last year, I’ve become a big fan of Enns, a Harvard-trained Evangelical Old Testament scholar who has generated some controversy. Enns writes for laypeople, has his own blog, and participates at the fascinating Biologos site. Enns recently participated in a panel asking, can the Bible be read critically and religiously? (His very readable paper is available from that that link.) The three participants were Enns, Marc Brettler (Judaism; also a big fan) and Dan Harrington (Catholicism; I’m unfamiliar with him.) Noting that he can only speak for a certain type of Protestant, Enns

“focus[es] on the reasons why Protestants have the particular problem they do with higher criticism, and then offer[s] some brief suggestions about how to move beyond the impasse. I attribute the Protestant dis-ease to three factors: (1) the Reformation concept of sola Scriptura, (2)Protestant identity coming out of the 19th century, and (3) the very nature of the Christian Bible.”

Let me summarize each of his points and the LDS parallel. [Read more...]

Here’s A Secret: Nobody’s Normal

An interesting thing has happened since I launched the Mormon Women Project at the beginning of 2010: Molly Mormon has disappeared. Completely vanished. At least I can’t find her anymore.

[Read more...]

Faith and Knowledge Conference(s): Call for Papers and Past Experiences

Several years ago, a conference was organized by Richard Bushman, Terryl Givens, and several LDS graduate students. Concerned by perceptions of a general abandoning of faith among LDS grad students in religion-related fields, the conference’s  focus was encapsulated in its title, Faith and Knowledge. [Read more...]

Family traditions

General Conference has come and gone, and the holidays are fast approaching, reminding me of family traditions. Our traditions are pretty low key. We go to church together. The night before General Conference, the boys sleep in a tent in our living room, making sure that the door of the tent is facing the nearest temple. We have Family Home Evening on Mondays. We eat blue pancakes for breakfast on BYU’s opening game day for football.  We read Luke 2 on Christmas Eve. And every summer, my husband and I celebrate Clutch Day.

Clutch Day is a holiday of our own making. It commemorates the day that God intervened in my life, causing the clutch in my fresh-from-the-shop Honda to fail and postponing my move to the West coast by one week. It reminds me that God knows me, He loves me, and He keeps his promises to me. It makes me want to do better. Here’s my story (the brief version):

Michael was my dream man. We dated for 6 months and then broke up. He felt strongly that it was the right thing to do. I was devastated, but took some comfort in his assurance: “God will not let your husband get married without you.” For an entire school year, we dated other people. As the year went on, our paths crossed more and more. We saw each other in group settings. We were still friends.  I finished my university coursework in April and landed my dream job in the Bay area, which would start in July. About a week before my scheduled move, I took my car to the shop to have a complete overhaul. “Check everything and fix it all,” I instructed the mechanics. They were quite thorough, and my bill reflected it. The night before my move, the clutch went out. This should never have happened, given the recent inspection and work done. However, it proved to be pivotal for the direction my life would take. I ended up staying in town an extra week, during which time, Michael and I started dating again. We got engaged that fall, and 8 weeks later, we were married.

Ten years, three kids, seven apartments, and one house later,  it is still a miracle worth remembering, and I would do it all again (only I would cry less when he broke up with me, knowing that we’d eventually end up together.)

What holidays do you celebrate? What miracles do you remember? What traditions are important to you?

The Purpose of Pain

I gave birth to a beautiful 7 lb girl two weeks ago. I wanted a natural delivery, and my midwife suggested the “hypnobirthing” method of dealing with pain. The method is all about breathing. One is supposed to be able to put oneself into a state of deep relaxation though breathing exercises. My hypnobirthing book said that, with practice, many hypnobirthing mothers can put themselves quickly into such a state of relaxation that contractions feel like nothing more than “tightening” and that the final stages of labor and pushing feel like nothing more than “pressure.” The book states that women feel pain in labor because we’re told it’s painful, so we get anxious about it and feel more pain because of our anxiety. It says animals give birth without any painful yelping because they trust their bodies to complete the natural process of birthing.

I found some value in the hypnobirthing method, but during labor I definitely felt more than “tightening” and “pressure.” There was pain. While I didn’t practice the self-hypnosis techniques as much as the book directed, I seriously doubt that any mind-over-matter practice could completely mitigate the pain of labor. And do animals really feel no pain in birthing their babies? I don’t know. Most animals aren’t fitting a 13 inch head through a 10 cm (~4 in) cervix, so maybe it doesn’t hurt them as much. But I bet they still feel some pain.

Pain has an obvious function in life – it saves us from injury because we instinctively recoil from harmful things that cause pain. Pain makes us slow down and rest when we’re sick and teaches us to avoid our fingers when driving in a nail. Pain is also a problem, as C.S. Lewis observed. The existence of pain in a world created by a good and almighty God is a perennial dilemma. The existence of pain is just perennial. Even Jesus, we’re told, was a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief. So no one can avoid pain, but at least it sometimes has a purpose.

I once heard a woman say that if she ever gets to create a world, there won’t be any pain in childbirth on it. It may be possible for the body to function well without pain receptors in the places affected by birthing, but I’d bet those pain receptors have some useful function, or else they’d be lost through natural selection. So it’s probably not possible to give birth without pain. I see labor as a very purposeful kind of pain. How would I know when it’s time to summon help and find a safe place to give birth without feeling contractions? How would I know when to push without intense (i.e. painful) pressure? As it turned out, my contractions weren’t all that intense until after my water broke, and if I hadn’t taken my water breaking as a signal to get to the hospital ASAP, I probably would have had my baby at home (my daughter was born just an hour and a half after my water broke). I didn’t fear pain in labor because I knew it was purposeful, that it would end, and that generations of my foremothers had gotten through it before. I can’t imagine a world in which birth is pain-free, or where growing and creating new things doesn’t come at the cost of some discomfort.

Not all pain is clearly purposeful, however. Some physical pain, and grief, it’s close cousin, may have no meaning except what we give them. I don’t embrace those kinds of pain, but I do expect them. I think the purpose of life is to learn to respond well to them. Regarding the pain of labor and delivery, I hardly reveled in it, but I am grateful to be acquainted with it. My sweet baby couldn’t have come without it.

(As a postscript, I want to say that while natural delivery worked for me, I know all mothers go through pains in bringing new life into the world. It’s no cakewalk even with an epidural. From what my sister tells me about recovering from a C-section, that sounds a lot worse than labor.)